THE KINGDOM OF BAHRAIN’S NATIONAL RISK ASSESSMENT 2025

4 LIST OF ACRONYMS ACCA Association of Chartered Certified Accountants AML Anti-Money Laundering ASP Ancillary Service Provider AUP Agreed-Upon Procedures Audit BHD Bahraini Dinars BNPL Buy Now Pay Later CBB Central Bank of Bahrain CDD Customer Due Diligence CFT Combating the Financing of Terrorism CPA Certified Public Accountant CPF Countering Proliferation Financing CR Commercial Registration DNFBP Designated Non-Financial Business Profession EDD Enhanced Due Diligence EKYC Electronic Know Your Customer ESR Economic Substance Regulation ESW Egmont Secure Webpage FATF Financial Action Task Force FC Module Financial Crime Module FI Financial Institution FINC Financial Intelligence National Centre FIU Financial Intelligence Unit GCC Gulf Cooperation Council GDP Gross Domestic Product JCTC Joint Counter Terrorism Centre KYC Know Your Customer LEA Law Enforcement Agency MENA Middle East and North Africa MENAFATF Middle East and North Africa Financial Action Task Force MER Mutual Evaluation Report ML Money Laundering MLA Mutual Legal Assistance MOI Ministry of Interior